It is to be noted that the Atacama Desert lies to the west of the Andes Mountains in northern Chile. It is the oldest, most consistently arid place in the world. The information that explains why the Atacama Desert has a consistently arid climate is; "It is in the rain shadow of the Andes Mountains." (Option B)
Chile's copper mining hub, the Atacama Desert, also features commercial gold and silver mines. Because of current lithium demand, mining has expanded to include the world's second-largest supply of salt-rich brines.
It is to be noted that the Atacama Desert has a consistently arid climate because it is located in the rain shadow of the Andes Mountains. The Andes block moist air coming from the Pacific Ocean, causing it to rise and cool, leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation on the windward side of the mountains.
On the leeward side, however, the air is dry, resulting in little precipitation and a desert climate. This is known as the rain shadow effect.
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