The correct option is (c) still-face paradigm.
In the Still-Face Paradigm (SFP), a mother's expressionless face is utilised to cause a newborn to exhibit severe behavioural responses such gaze aversion and a decrease in smiling. The still face experiment showed that some fundamental components of social cognition are already in place in very early newborns.
Babies don't have much self-control. They can't help but automatically act on their emotions and thoughts. They can start to learn how to control their emotions and actions with delicate coaching from parents and other caregivers.
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