When Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow, he rubbed the area around it until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained as: a gate-control theory.
The gate control theory of pain is a mechanism in the spinal cord that sends pain signals to the brain to accentuate or eventually reduce pain. By rubbing the area around his bruise, Martin can trigger the mechanism to reduce his pain. This neurological gate blocks pain signals and allows the non-painful input (the rubs) to travel to the brain.
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