These source regions influence the weather in North America.
1 Maritime air masses originate over water. This is why they are usually humid.
2. Polar and Arctic air masses are cold. This is due to their location at higher latitudes. We know in the troposphere, there exists a negative lapse rate. There is a decrease in temperature with altitude.
3. Maritime and tropical air masses are warm and humid. This is because these are usually formed in tropical and sub-tropical areas over water bodies. This leads to evaporation which forms water vapour. Thus the presence of water vapour makes the air mass humid.
4. Continental and tropical air masses are dry and warm. These originate over land and hence lack moisture and thus are warm and dry.
5. Polar and Arctic air masses originate at higher latitudes. This is the reason that they are so cold. The Arctic air mass is colder than the polar air mass.
6. Continental is a term referring to dry air masses. This is because these air masses lack water vapour as they are generated on land surfaces.
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