Considering the definition of molar ratio, the mole ratio of acetic acid to water in 100 g of vinegar is 0.015 : 0.985.
Definition of molar ratio
A molar ratio is the ratio of the molar amounts of two compounds involved in a chemical reaction.
That is, in a chemical reaction, the molar ratio refers to the relationship between the number of moles of one substance and the number of moles of another. A chemical reaction can have one or more mole ratios, depending on how many chemicals are involved.
Molar ratio of acetic acid to water
In this case you know that the percentage composition of acetic acid and water in vinegar is 5% acetic acid and 95% water. This means that in 100 g of vinegar, there are 5 g of acetic acid and 95 g of water.
On the other hand, the molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole. In this case, you know:
- molar mass of acetic acid = 62 g/mol
- molar mass of water = 18 g/mol
Then, considering the mass of each compound in vinager and the definition of molar mass, the moles of each compound can be calculated as:
- moles of vinegar = 5 g ÷62 g/mole = 0.08 moles
- moles of water = 95 g ÷18 g/mole = 5.28 moles
So, the total moles can be calculated as:
total moles = moles of vinegar + moles of water
total moles = 0.08 moles + 5.28 moles
total moles = 5.36 moles
Finally, the mole ratio of acetic acid to water in 100 g of vinegar can be calculated as:
Mole ratio of vinegar to water = 0.08÷5.36 : 5.28÷5.36
Solving:
Mole ratio of vinegar to water = 0.015 : 0.985
In summary, the mole ratio of acetic acid to water in 100 g of vinegar is 0.015 : 0.985.
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