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Write negations for each of the following statements. (Assume that all variables represent fixed quantities or entities, as appropriate.)
a. If P is a square, then P is a rectangle.
b. If today is New Year’s Eve, then tomorrow is January.
c. If the decimal expansion of r is terminating, then r is rational.
d. If n is prime, then n is odd or n is 2.
e. If x is nonnegative, then x is positive or x is 0.
f. If Tom is Ann’s father, then Jim is her uncle and Sue is her aunt.
g. If n is divisible by 6, then n is divisible by 2 and n is divisible by 3.

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Answer:

a. P is a square and P is not a rectangle

b. Today is New Year’s Eve and tomorrow is not January.

c. The decimal expansion of r is terminating and r is not rational.

d. n is prime and either n is not odd or n is not 2.

e. x is nonnegative and either x is not positive or x is not 0.

f. Tom is Ann’s father and either Jim is not her uncle or Sue is not her aunt.

g. n is divisible by 6 and either n is not divisible by 2 or n is not divisible by 3.

Step-by-step explanation:

The general formula for negations that will be applied is:

Statement: If x is y, then x is z

Negation: x is y and x is not z

Statement: If x is y, then x is z and w

Negation: x is y and either x is not z or x is not w

Applying those principles:

a. P is a square and P is not a rectangle

b. Today is New Year’s Eve and tomorrow is not January.

c. The decimal expansion of r is terminating and r is not rational.

d. n is prime and either n is not odd or n is not 2.

e. x is nonnegative and either x is not positive or x is not 0.

f. Tom is Ann’s father and either Jim is not her uncle or Sue is not her aunt.

g. n is divisible by 6 and either n is not divisible by 2 or n is not divisible by 3.

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