Respuesta :
Answer:
The effective nuclear charges experienced by the valence electrons of:
a. K= +1
b. Ca=+2
c. O=+6
d. C=+4
Explanation:
Since one core electron reduces the nuclear charge by 1 unit we know that the nuclear charge =proton number =atomic number. The core electrons are electrons that are not valence electrons hence:
Potassium has 19 protons and 18 core electrons which means it has an effective charge of +1.
Calcium has 20 protons and 18 core electrons which means it has an effective charge of +2.
Oxygen has 8 protons and 2 core electrons which means it has an effective charge of +6.
Carbon has 6 protons and 2 core electrons which means it has an effective charge of +4.
Effective nuclear charge is the charge experience by the valence electrons in the atom. The effective nuclear charge (Z) is given as:
[tex]Z=\rm Atomic\;number-core \;electrons[/tex]
Computation for the effective nuclear charge
The effective nuclear charge for the following elements is given as:
- K
The atomic number of K is 19
The number of core electrons is 18
The effective nuclear charge is given as:
[tex]Z=19-18\\Z=+1[/tex]
The effective nuclear charge for K atom is +1.
- Ca
The atomic number of Ca is 20
The number of core electrons is 18
The effective nuclear charge is given as:
[tex]Z=20-18\\Z=+2[/tex]
The effective nuclear charge for Ca atom is +2.
- O
The atomic number of O is 8
The number of core electrons is 2
The effective nuclear charge is given as:
[tex]Z=8-2\\Z=+6[/tex]
The effective nuclear charge for O atom is +6.
- C
The atomic number of C is 6
The number of core electrons is 2
The effective nuclear charge is given as:
[tex]Z=6-2\\Z=+4[/tex]
The effective nuclear charge for C atom is +4.
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