The vacuole is used as storage for materials. The cell membrane is used to guard the inside of the cell, is semi-permeable, and controls what goes in and out of the cell. The membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer (made of fats) and has protein channels to allow objects through that are too large to diffuse through the membrane. The cell wall is an extra layer of protection and structure, but only for plant cells. The chloroplast is also in plant cells but not animal cells and is where photosynthesis occurs, converting water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into glucose and leftover oxygen. The mitochondria (aka the powerplant of the cell) converts glucose into ATP energy. There are other organelles which are a little bit more complex, so I suggest referring to the linked video. It is produced to be easier to understand.
I suggest watching a video from the "Amoeba Sisters" on the parts of a cell. They produce their videos to be easy to understand.
