This is a geometric sequence, which means the next term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by a fixed number [tex]r[/tex].
So the second, third, and fourth terms are, respectively,
[tex]a_2=27r[/tex]
[tex]a_3=a_2r=27r^2[/tex]
[tex]a_4=a_3r=27r^3[/tex]
We know [tex]a_4=-1[/tex], so we have
[tex]-1=27r^3\implies r^3=-\dfrac1{27}\implies r=-\dfrac13[/tex]
Then the second term is
[tex]27\left(-\dfrac13\right)=-9[/tex]
and the third term is
[tex]27\left(-\dfrac13\right)^2=3[/tex]