Different charges on the ground and the bottom of a cloud causes lightening. Thus, option C is correct.
It is a sudden electrostatic discharge of electrically charges molecules of the cloud.
It is observed during rain and thunderstorm where upward and downward movement of air currents move and the water droplets occurs respectively.
As a result of this process, the charge separation occur at a vigorous motion where the upper edge of the cloud is filled up by positive charges and lower edge is covered by the negative charges and also near the ground.
After charge accumulation, due to increase in its magnitude the water droplets of air act as a conductor.
Finally, these charge will move and produce lightning and thunder.
If the lightning observed before the thunder, then the probable reason is the the distance between clouds and the surface is very long, as we know the speed of light is much faster than the speed.
Thus, option C is correct.
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