You're attending class and your instructor (bizarrely) points to his own water bottle and asks you what he means. According to the perspective argued for in lecture, What would allow you to understand what he means?
1) Being in joint attention with the instructor allows you to understand what his pointing gesture means.
2) You can understand what he means only through mentally representing his communicative intentions.
3) You can only know what he means by knowing what shared activity is being engaged in.
4) Because understanding the meaning of another's pointing gesture always requires the pointer to clarify their meaning through language, he would need to communicate his intentions verbally for you to understand him (i.e., tell you why he's pointing).