Why are debates about Indigenous identity important? Are these debates simply matters of political correctness? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the four explanations that have been offered to explain the socio-economic and health status differences between Indigenous people and non-Indigenous people? What factors might account for the increasing rates of Indigenous incarceration in federal correctional facilities in Canada? What are some of the ways that Indigenous communities are internally stratified? Are these differences less important than collective differences between Indigenous and non- Indigenous communities?