A group of participants has just completed a series of problems involving water jars. In each problem, the participants needed to fill the largest jar, pour from it once into the middle-sized jar, and then pour from the largest jar twice into the smallest jar. The participants are now given a new problem, which can be solved via this same procedure, but also can be solved with a simpler procedure. We would expect that:

Question 21 options:



the participants will solve the new problem using the simpler procedure because they have had practice with a series of more complicated procedures.



the participants will solve the new problem using the more complicated procedure because they are now locked onto the procedure that they had used successfully.



the participants will behave just like participants who have no experience with water jar problems; that is, there will be no effect of the prior training.



the participants will notice that there are multiple ways to solve the problem and will employ the more simple procedure.

Question 22 (4 points)

Most people have difficulty solving the nine-dot problem because of an inappropriate problem-solving set.

Question 22 options:
True
False

Question 23 (4 points)

It was starting to rain, and Gina did not have an umbrella or a hat. To keep dry, she held her cognitive psychology book over her head. In this case, Gina:

Question 23 options:



is showing the influence of Einstellung



has solved the problem by using functional fixedness



has overcome functional fixedness



is make the best possible use of his textbook.

Question 24 (4 points)

As Isabella worked on the problem, she reported out loud, "No, that option seems not to work. No, that doesn’t work either." Then Isabella abruptly shouted, "I think I’ve got it!" These reports seem to capture the creative thought phenomenon called:

Question 24 options:



illumination



incubation



preparation



representation

Question 25 (4 points)

Studies of interruption during problem-solving reveal that there is always a benefit from the interruption in that participants are always more likely to solve the problem when they return to it.

Question 25 options:
True
False

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