1Many animals, including some insects, use visual clues to find their way. 2For example, the female digger wasp lays eggs in a burrow in the soil. 3She then flies off to capture her prey, which she stores in the burrow to feed her offspring when they hatch. 4The famous animal-behavior scientist Niko Tinbergen studied the cues used by the female to relocate her burrow. 5While the female was inside, Tinbergen surrounded the nest with pine cones. 6When the wasp emerged, she flew around the nest before departing. 7While she was gone, Tinbergen moved the cones about a foot away. 8The returning wasp still sought her nest within the ring of cones. 9Although the nest was in plain sight nearby, she was unable to locate it because the visual landmarks on which she relied had been shifted.

10Birds may also use landmarks, such as rivers and seashores, to find their way. 11Several species migrate at night or over large expanses of ocean, using the position of the sun or stars to tell direction. 12Many species seem to have genetically programmed information about the direction of the sun at various times of day, and also possess a biological clock that measures off a roughly twenty-four-hour day. 13Other birds have the remarkable ability to “read” the night sky. 14Indigo buntings, for example, seem to have a built-in star map that enables them to find which direction is north, during spring migration, by looking at the stars.

Question 1 – In sentence 4, the word cues means
A - visual clues.
B - movements.
C - suggestions.
D - lines.
The answer to Question 1 is


Question 2 - The digger wasp used the pine cones as
A - protection.
B - food.
C - a way to attract a mate.
D - a marker by which to find her nest.
The answer to Question 2 is


Question 3 - To find their way, birds may use
A - rivers and seashores.
B - the position of the sun.
C - the position of the stars.
D - all of the above.
The answer to Question 3 is



Question 4 - The relationship of the second paragraph to the first is one of
A - addition.
B - time.
C - contrast.
D - cause and effect.
The answer to Question 4 is



Question 5 - The indigo bunting is a type of
A - star.
B - bird.
C - insect.
D - built-in star map.
The answer to Question 5 is



Question 6 - We can conclude from the passage that the digger wasp gets its name from
A - its shape.
B - the person who first discovered it.
C - the way it moves.
D - the way it creates its nest.
The answer to Question 6 is



Question 7 - The passage suggests that
A - all animals have the same abilities.
B - digger wasps can solve problems logically.
C - birds have senses that humans do not have.
D - all of the above.
The answer to Question 7 is


Question 8 - Which is the most appropriate title for this passage?
A - The Lives of Insects and Birds
B - Telling Direction by the Sun and Stars
C - Animal Parents
D - How Animals Use Vision to Find Their Way
The answer to Question 8 is


Question 9 - The central idea of the passage is stated in
A - sentence 1.
B - sentence 2.
C - sentence 9.
D - sentence 10.
The answer to Question 9 is



Question 10 - The passage
A - lists examples of the central idea.
B - shows causes for the central idea.
C - defines and illustrates a term.
D - presents all of the major details in time order.
The answer to Question 10 is